Vela Mathematics Program: problems

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604 problems · 5/13Number SourcesGraph view

declared open · formalizederdos:326

A=\{a_1<a_2<\cdots\}\subset \mathbb{N}

which is a minimal basis of order

2

(every large integer is the sum of

2

elements from

A

, and no proper subset of

A

has this property) such that

\lim_{k\to \infty}a_k/k^2=c

for some

c\neq 0

? A claimed construction gives a minimal basis with

A(x)=C\sqrt{x}+O(1)

, answering the question affirmatively; Erdős and Graham had conjectured a negative answer.

number theoryadditive basisN/A4 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:328

False ↔ ∀ (C : ℕ), 0 < C → ∃ t, ∀ (A : Set ℕ), (∀ (n : ℕ), AdditiveCombinatorics.sumRep A n ≤ C) → ∃ P, ⋃ i, P i = A ∧ Set.univ.PairwiseDisjoint P ∧ ∀ (i : Fin t) (n : ℕ), AdditiveCombinatorics.sumRep (P i) n < C

number theoryadditive combinatoricsN/A4 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:329

sSup {x | ∃ A, ∃ (_ : IsSidon A), Erdos329.sidonUpperDensity A = x} = sorry

number theorypossible2 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:330

True ↔ ∃ A h, Erdos330.MinAsymptoticAddBasisOfOrder A h ∧ 0 < A.upperDensity ∧ ∀ n ∈ A, 0 < (Erdos330.UnrepWithout A n h).upperDensity

number theoryadditive basisN/A5 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:331

False ↔ ∀ (A B : Set ℕ), ((fun n => ↑n ^ (1 / 2)) =O[Filter.atTop] fun n => ↑(Nat.count A n)) → ((fun n => ↑n ^ (1 / 2)) =O[Filter.atTop] fun n => ↑(Nat.count B n)) → {(a₁, a₂, b₁, b₂) | a₁ ∈ A ∧ a₂ ∈ A ∧ b₁ ∈ B ∧ b₂ ∈ B ∧ a₁ ≠ a₂ ∧ a₁ + b₂ = a₂ + b₁}.Infinite

number theoryadditive combinatoricsN/A5 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:332

∀ (A : Set ℕ), sorry A → Erdos332.HasBoundedGaps (Erdos332.D_A A)

number theoryN/A3 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:333

False ↔ ∀ (A : Set ℕ), A.HasDensity 0 → ∃ B, A ⊆ B + B ∧ (fun N => ↑(B ∩ Set.Icc 1 N).ncard) =o[Filter.atTop] fun N => √↑N

number theoryadditive basisN/A6 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:337

False ↔ ∀ (A : Set ℕ), A.IsAsymptoticAddBasis → ((fun N => ↑(A ∩ Set.Icc 1 N).ncard) =o[Filter.atTop] fun N => ↑N) → Filter.Tendsto (fun N => ↑((A + A) ∩ Set.Icc 1 N).ncard / ↑(A ∩ Set.Icc 1 N).ncard) Filter.atTop Filter.atTop

number theoryadditive combinatoricsadditive basisN/A5 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:340

∀ ε > 0, (fun n => √↑n / ↑n ^ ε) =O[Filter.atTop] fun n => ↑(Set.range Finset.greedySidon ∩ Set.Icc 1 n).ncard

number theoryadditive combinatoricssidon setsA080200 · A0052822 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:341

True ↔ ∀ (a : ℕ → ℤ), (∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in Filter.atTop, IsLeast {x | a n < x ∧ x ∉ {x | ∃ i ≤ n, ∃ j ≤ n, a i + a j = x}} (a (n + 1))) → have d := fun i => a (i + 1) - a i; ∃ p > 0, ∀ᶠ (m : ℕ) in Filter.atTop, d (m + p) = d m

number theoryN/A2 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:342

sorry ↔ ∀ (a : ℕ → ℕ), Erdos342.IsUlamSequence a → {n | ∃ m, a m = a n + 2}.Infinite

number theoryA0028583 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:346

Let

A=\{1\leq a_1< a_2<\cdots\}

be a set of integers such that

A\backslash B

is complete for any finite subset

B

and not complete for any infinite subset

B

. If

a_{n+1}/a_n \geq 1+\epsilon

for all

n

, must

\lim_n a_{n+1}/a_n=(1+\sqrt{5})/2

? Under the reading where the ratio limit is assumed to exist, a Lean-verified argument forces the limit to be the golden ratio; a separate construction disproves the literal statement where convergence is not assumed.

number theorycomplete sequencesN/A4 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:347

True ↔ ∃ a, Monotone a ∧ Filter.Tendsto (fun n => ↑(a (n + 1)) / ↑(a n)) Filter.atTop (nhds 2) ∧ ∀ (ι : ℕ → ℕ), (Set.range ι)ᶜ.Finite → (subsetSums (Set.range (a ∘ ι))).HasDensity 1

number theorycomplete sequencesN/A6 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:348

{x | ∃ m n, ∃ (_ : m < n), ∃ a, ∃ (_ : Monotone a) (_ : ∀ (s : Finset ℕ), s.card = m → IsAddComplete (Set.range (Function.updateFinset a s 0))) (_ : ∀ (t : Finset ℕ), t.card = n → ¬IsAddComplete (Set.range (Function.updateFinset a t 0))), (m, n) = x} = sorry

number theorycomplete sequencesN/A2 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:349

∀ (t α : ℝ), 0 < t → 2 < α → ¬Erdos349.IsGoodPair t α

number theorycomplete sequencesN/A3 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:350

∀ {M : Type u_1} [inst : AddCommMonoid M] [inst_1 : DecidableEq M] (A : Finset M), Erdos350.DistinctSubsetSums ↑A ↔ Erdos350.DecidableDistinctSubsetSums A

number theoryadditive combinatoricsN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:351

True ↔ ∀ (P : Polynomial ℚ), 0 < P.natDegree → 0 < P.leadingCoeff → Erdos351.HasCompleteImage P

number theorycomplete sequencesN/A6 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:352

True ↔ ∃ c > 0, ∀ (A : Set (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin 2))), MeasurableSet A → ↑(MeasureTheory.volume A) ≥ ↑c → ∃ t, (∀ (p : Fin 3), t.points p ∈ A) ∧ EuclideanGeometry.triangle_area (t.points 0) (t.points 1) (t.points 2) = 1

geometryN/A3 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:353

True ↔ ∀ (A : Set (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin 2))), MeasurableSet A → MeasureTheory.volume A = ⊤ → ∃ a ∈ A, ∃ b ∈ A, ∃ c ∈ A, ∃ d ∈ A, EuclideanGeometry.IsIsoscelesTrapezoid a b c d ∧ MeasureTheory.volume ((convexHull ℝ) {a, b, c, d}) = 1

geometryN/A4 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:354

True ↔ ∀ α > 0, ∀ β > 0, Irrational (α / β) → IsAddCompleteNatSeq' (Erdos354.FloorMultiples.interleave α β 2)

number theoryN/A2 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:355

True ↔ ∃ A, IsLacunary A ∧ ∃ u v, u < v ∧ ∀ (q : ℚ), ↑q ∈ Set.Ioo u v → q ∈ {x | ∃ A', ∃ (_ : ↑A' ⊆ Set.range A), ∑ a ∈ A', 1 / ↑a = x}

number theoryunit fractionsN/A5 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:357

(fun n => ↑(Erdos357.f n)) =o[Filter.atTop] fun n => ↑n

number theoryA364132 · A364153 · possible2 sources

declared proved · formalizederdos:358

True ↔ ∃ A, StrictMono A ∧ Filter.Tendsto (Erdos358.f A) Filter.atTop Filter.atTop

number theoryadditive basisprimespossible3 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:359

∀ (A : ℕ → ℕ), Erdos359.IsGoodFor A 1 → Filter.Tendsto (fun k => ↑(A k) / ↑k) Filter.atTop Filter.atTop

number theoryA0020482 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:361

∀ (c : ℝ), 0 < c → Erdos361.subsetSumAvoidanceNumber c = sorry

number theorypossible2 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:363

False ↔ {S | Erdos363.IsValidCollection S}.Finite

number theoryN/A5 sources

declared verifiable · formalizederdos:364

¬∃ n, n.Powerful ∧ (n + 1).Powerful ∧ (n + 2).Powerful

number theoryA060355 · A0764452 sources

declared verifiable · formalizederdos:366

True ↔ ∃ n > 0, Nat.Full 2 n ∧ Nat.Full 3 (n + 1)

number theoryA0603553 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:369

True ↔ ∀ (ε : ℝ), 0 < ε → ∀ (k : ℕ), 2 ≤ k → ∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in Filter.atTop, ∃ a, n / 2 ≤ a + 1 ∧ a + k ≤ n ∧ ∀ j < k, ∀ p ∈ (a + 1 + j).primeFactors, ↑p ≤ ↑n ^ ε

number theoryN/A7 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:370

True ↔ {n | ↑n.maxPrimeFac < √↑n ∧ ↑(n + 1).maxPrimeFac < √(↑n + 1)}.Infinite

number theoryN/A5 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:371

{n | (n + 1).maxPrimeFac > n.maxPrimeFac}.HasDensity (1 / 2)

number theoryA0700892 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:373

Erdos373.S.Finite

number theoryfactorialsA0031352 sources

declared falsifiable · formalizederdos:375

True ↔ Erdos375.Erdos375Prop

number theoryN/A2 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:376

True ↔ {n | n.centralBinom.Coprime 105}.Infinite

number theorybinomial coefficientsbase representationsA0309792 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:377

True ↔ ∃ C > 0, ∀ (n : ℕ), Erdos377.sumInvPrimesNotDvdCentralBinom n ≤ C

number theorybinomial coefficientsN/A2 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:379

Filter.limsup (fun n => ↑(Erdos379.S n)) Filter.atTop = ⊤

number theorybinomial coefficientspossible5 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:383

True ↔ ∀ (k : ℕ), {p | Nat.Prime p ∧ (∏ i ∈ Finset.Icc 0 k, (p ^ 2 + i)).maxPrimeFac = p}.Infinite

number theoryN/A2 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:385

sorry ↔ ∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in Filter.atTop, n < Erdos385.F n

number theoryA3222922 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:386

True ↔ ∃ k ≥ 2, ∃ᶠ (n : ℕ) in Filter.atTop, k ≤ n - 2 ∧ ∃ p q, n.choose k = ∏ i ∈ Finset.Ico p q, Nat.nth Nat.Prime i

number theorybinomial coefficientsA2809922 sources

declared solved · formalizederdos:387

False ↔ ∃ c, 0 < c ∧ ∀ (n k : ℕ), 1 ≤ k → k < n → ∃ d, ↑d ∈ Set.Ioc (c * ↑n) ↑n ∧ d ∣ n.choose k

number theorybinomial coefficientsN/A2 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:389

True ↔ ∀ n ≥ 1, ∃ k ≥ 1, ∏ i ∈ Finset.range k, (n + i) ∣ ∏ i ∈ Finset.range k, (n + k + i)

number theoryA3750712 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:390

Let

f(n)

be the least

m

for which

n!

can be written as

a_1\cdots a_k

with

n < a_1 < \cdots < a_k = m

- the smallest possible largest factor in a factorization of

n!

into distinct integers all exceeding

n

. Erdős, Guy and Selfridge proved

f(n) - 2n \asymp n/\log n

. Erdős asked whether there is a constant

c

with

f(n) - 2n \sim c\,\frac{n}{\log n},

and what it is. This preprint answers yes and names the constant:

\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{(f(n)-2n)\log n}{n} = \frac{4029639598}{25970038185} \approx 0.15516.

number theoryfactorialsA1934294 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:392

∀ (A : ℕ → ℕ), (∀ n > 0, IsLeast {x | ∃ t, ∃ (_ : ∃ a, n.factorial = ∏ i, a i ∧ Monotone a ∧ a (Fin.last t) ≤ n ^ 2), t + 1 = x} (A n)) → (fun n => ↑(A n) - ↑n / 2 + ↑n / (2 * Real.log ↑n)) =o[Filter.atTop] fun n => ↑n / Real.log ↑n

number theoryfactorialspossible5 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:394

For the least

t_k(n)

with

n \mid t_k(n)(t_k(n)+1)\cdots(t_k(n)+k-1)

, do the conjectured logarithmic-saving and adjacent-length estimates hold on average? Both answered affirmatively, with

c = 1/2048

admissible in the

t_2

bound.

number theoryA3440054 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:396

True ↔ ∀ (k : ℕ), ∃ n, n.descFactorial (k + 1) ∣ n.centralBinom

number theorybinomial coefficientsA3750773 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:397

False ↔ {(M, N) | Disjoint M N ∧ ∏ i ∈ M, i.centralBinom = ∏ j ∈ N, j.centralBinom}.Finite

number theorybinomial coefficientsN/A7 sources

declared falsifiable · formalizederdos:398

sorry ↔ {n | ∃ m, n.factorial + 1 = m ^ 2} = {4, 5, 7}

number theoryfactorialsA146968 · A1413992 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:399

False ↔ ¬∃ n x y k, 1 < x * y ∧ 2 < k ∧ (n.factorial = x ^ k + y ^ k ∨ n.factorial + y ^ k = x ^ k)

number theoryfactorialsN/A5 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:400

True ↔ ∀ k ≥ 2, ∃ c, Asymptotics.IsEquivalent Filter.atTop (fun x => ∑ n ∈ Finset.Icc 1 x, ↑(Erdos400.g k n)) fun x => c * ↑x * Real.log ↑x

number theoryfactorialspossible3 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:401

True ↔ ∃ f, Filter.Tendsto f Filter.atTop Filter.atTop ∧ ∀ (r : ℕ), 1 ≤ r → {n | ∃ a₁ a₂, 0 < a₁ ∧ 0 < a₂ ∧ ↑a₁ + ↑a₂ > ↑n + f r * Real.log ↑n ∧ a₁.factorial * a₂.factorial ∣ n.factorial * (∏ i ∈ Finset.range r, Nat.nth Nat.Prime i) ^ n}.Infinite

number theoryfactorialsN/A6 sources

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