Vela Mathematics Program: problems

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353 problems · 2/8Number SourcesGraph view

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:221

True ↔ ∃ A, ((fun N => ↑{a | a ∈ A ∧ a ≤ N}.ncard) =O[Filter.atTop] fun N => ↑N / Real.log ↑N) ∧ ∀ᶠ (N : ℕ) in Filter.atTop, ∃ k a, 0 ≤ k ∧ a ∈ A ∧ N = 2 ^ k + a

number theoryadditive basisN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:224

∀ {d : ℕ} (A : Finset (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin d))), A.card = 2 ^ d + 1 → ∃ x y z, x ∈ A ∧ y ∈ A ∧ z ∈ A ∧ x ≠ y ∧ x ≠ z ∧ y ≠ z ∧ Erdos224.ObtuseAt x y z

geometryN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:226

True ↔ ∃ F, Differentiable ℂ F ∧ (∀ (x : ℝ), (F ↑x).im = 0) ∧ (∀ (g : ℝ →ᵃ[ℝ] ℝ), (fun x => (F ↑x).re) ≠ ⇑g) ∧ Erdos226.PreservesRationality fun x => (F ↑x).re

analysisN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:229

True ↔ ∀ (S : ℕ → Set ℂ), (∀ (n : ℕ), derivedSet (S n) = ∅) → ∃ f, Transcendental (Polynomial ℂ) f ∧ Differentiable ℂ f ∧ ∀ n ≥ 1, ∃ k, ∀ z ∈ S n, iteratedDeriv k f z = 0

analysisiterated functionsN/A5 sources

declared disproved (Lean)erdos:231

Erdős problem 231

combinatoricsN/A3 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:233

(fun N => ∑ n ∈ Finset.range N, ↑(primeGap n) ^ 2) =O[Filter.atTop] fun N => ↑N * Real.log ↑N ^ 2

number theoryprimesA0747413 sources

declared proved (Lean)erdos:237

Erdős problem 237

number theoryprimesN/A4 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:246

∀ (a b : ℕ), 2 ≤ a → 2 ≤ b → a.Coprime b → IsAddComplete (Erdos246.Gamma a b)

number theoryN/A5 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:251

True ↔ Irrational (∑' (n : ℕ), ↑(Nat.nth Nat.Prime n) / 2 ^ n)

number theoryirrationalityA0989903 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:258

True ↔ ∀ (a : ℕ → ℕ), (∀ (n : ℕ), 2 ≤ a n) → Filter.Tendsto a Filter.atTop Filter.atTop → Irrational (∑' (n : ℕ), ↑(n + 1).divisors.card / ↑(∏ i ∈ Finset.Icc 1 (n + 1), a i))

irrationalityN/A6 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:259

Irrational (∑' (n : ℕ), ↑(ArithmeticFunction.moebius n) ^ 2 * ↑n / 2 ^ n)

irrationalityA3711345 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:263

sorry ↔ Erdos263.IsIrrationalitySequence fun n => 2 ^ 2 ^ n

irrationalityN/A3 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:264

¬Erdos264.IsIrrationalitySequence fun x => 2 ^ x

irrationalityN/A4 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:268

∀ (d : ℕ), (interior {x | ∃ A, A.Infinite ∧ (Summable fun n => 1 / ↑↑n) ∧ x = fun i => ∑' (n : ↑A), 1 / (↑↑n + ↑↑i)}).Nonempty

number theoryN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:275

∀ (r : ℕ) (a : Fin r → ℤ) (n : Fin r → ℕ), (∃ k, ∀ x ∈ Set.Ico k (k + 2 ^ r), ∃ i, x ≡ a i [ZMOD ↑(n i)]) → ∀ (x : ℤ), ∃ i, x ≡ a i [ZMOD ↑(n i)]

number theorycovering systemsN/A5 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:280

False ↔ ∀ (n a : ℕ → ℕ), StrictMono n → (∀ (i : ℕ), 1 ≤ i → a i < n i) → (∃ ε, 0 < ε ∧ ∀ (k : ℕ), 1 ≤ k → ↑(n k) > (1 + ε) * ↑k * Real.log ↑k) → ¬Filter.Tendsto (fun k => ↑(Erdos280.uncoveredCount n a k) / ↑k) Filter.atTop (nhds 0)

number theorycovering systemsN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:281

True ↔ ∀ (n : ℕ → ℕ), StrictMono n → (∀ (i : ℕ), 0 < n i) → (∀ (a : Erdos281.ResidueChoice n), (Erdos281.avoidAll n a).HasIntDensity 0) → ∀ (ε : ℝ), 0 < ε → ∃ k, ∀ (a : Erdos281.ResidueChoice n), ∃ d, (Erdos281.avoidPrefix n a k).HasIntDensity d ∧ d < ε

number theorycovering systemsN/A7 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:283

True ↔ ∀ (p : Polynomial ℤ), Erdos283.Condition p

number theoryunit fractionsA3807916 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:288

sorry ↔ {I | ∀ (j : Fin 2), (I j).1 ≤ (I j).2 ∧ ∃ n, ∑ j, ∑ nⱼ ∈ (Set.Icc (I j).1 (I j).2).toFinset, (↑↑nⱼ)⁻¹ = ↑↑n}.Finite

number theoryunit fractionsN/A3 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:290

True ↔ ∀ (a : ℕ), 1 ≤ a → ∃ b, a < b ∧ Erdos290.harmonicDen a (b + 1) < Erdos290.harmonicDen a b

number theoryunit fractionsA3750815 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:296

(∀ (N k : ℕ), Erdos296.HasDisjointUnitDecomps N k → ↑k ≤ Erdos296.recipSum (Finset.Icc 1 N)) ∧ ∀ (ε : ℝ), 0 < ε → ε < 1 → ∀ᶠ (N : ℕ) in Filter.atTop, Erdos296.HasDisjointUnitDecomps N ⌊(1 - ε) * Real.log ↑N⌋₊

number theoryunit fractionspossible5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:303

True ↔ ∀ (𝓒 : ℤ → ℤ), (Set.range 𝓒).Finite → ∃ a b c, [a, b, c, 0].Nodup ∧ 1 / ↑a = 1 / ↑b + 1 / ↑c ∧ (𝓒 '' {a, b, c}).Subsingleton

number theoryunit fractionsN/A5 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:306

a/b \in \mathbb{Q}_{>0}

and

b

is squarefree, can

a/b

always be written as a finite sum of reciprocals of distinct products of two distinct primes?

number theoryunit fractionsN/A4 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:314

True ↔ Filter.liminf (fun n => ↑n ^ 2 * Erdos314.epsilon n) Filter.atTop = 0

number theoryunit fractionsN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:315

True ↔ ∀ (a : ℕ → ℕ), (∀ (i : ℕ), 0 < a i) → StrictMono a → (∃ i, a i ≠ Erdos315.u i + 1) → ∑' (i : ℕ), 1 / ↑(a i) = 1 → Filter.liminf (fun i => ↑(a i) ^ (1 / 2) ^ (i + 1)) Filter.atTop < Erdos315.c₀

number theoryunit fractionsA000058 · A0763935 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:326

Does there exist

A=\{a_1<a_2<\cdots\}\subset \mathbb{N}

which is a minimal basis of order

2

(every large integer is the sum of

2

elements from

A

, and no proper subset of

A

has this property) such that

\lim_{k\to \infty}a_k/k^2=c

for some

c\neq 0

? A claimed construction gives a minimal basis with

A(x)=C\sqrt{x}+O(1)

, answering the question affirmatively; Erdős and Graham had conjectured a negative answer.

number theoryadditive basisN/A4 sources

declared openerdos:327

Erdős problem 327

number theoryunit fractionsA3849272 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:328

False ↔ ∀ (C : ℕ), 0 < C → ∃ t, ∀ (A : Set ℕ), (∀ (n : ℕ), AdditiveCombinatorics.sumRep A n ≤ C) → ∃ P, ⋃ i, P i = A ∧ Set.univ.PairwiseDisjoint P ∧ ∀ (i : Fin t) (n : ℕ), AdditiveCombinatorics.sumRep (P i) n < C

number theoryadditive combinatoricsN/A4 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:330

True ↔ ∃ A h, Erdos330.MinAsymptoticAddBasisOfOrder A h ∧ 0 < A.upperDensity ∧ ∀ n ∈ A, 0 < (Erdos330.UnrepWithout A n h).upperDensity

number theoryadditive basisN/A5 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:331

False ↔ ∀ (A B : Set ℕ), ((fun n => ↑n ^ (1 / 2)) =O[Filter.atTop] fun n => ↑(Nat.count A n)) → ((fun n => ↑n ^ (1 / 2)) =O[Filter.atTop] fun n => ↑(Nat.count B n)) → {(a₁, a₂, b₁, b₂) | a₁ ∈ A ∧ a₂ ∈ A ∧ b₁ ∈ B ∧ b₂ ∈ B ∧ a₁ ≠ a₂ ∧ a₁ + b₂ = a₂ + b₁}.Infinite

number theoryadditive combinatoricsN/A5 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:333

False ↔ ∀ (A : Set ℕ), A.HasDensity 0 → ∃ B, A ⊆ B + B ∧ (fun N => ↑(B ∩ Set.Icc 1 N).ncard) =o[Filter.atTop] fun N => √↑N

number theoryadditive basisN/A6 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:337

False ↔ ∀ (A : Set ℕ), A.IsAsymptoticAddBasis → ((fun N => ↑(A ∩ Set.Icc 1 N).ncard) =o[Filter.atTop] fun N => ↑N) → Filter.Tendsto (fun N => ↑((A + A) ∩ Set.Icc 1 N).ncard / ↑(A ∩ Set.Icc 1 N).ncard) Filter.atTop Filter.atTop

number theoryadditive combinatoricsadditive basisN/A5 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:342

sorry ↔ ∀ (a : ℕ → ℕ), Erdos342.IsUlamSequence a → {n | ∃ m, a m = a n + 2}.Infinite

number theoryA0028583 sources

declared openerdos:345

Erdős problem 345

number theorycomplete sequencesA0016612 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:346

Let

A=\{1\leq a_1< a_2<\cdots\}

be a set of integers such that

A\backslash B

is complete for any finite subset

B

and not complete for any infinite subset

B

. If

a_{n+1}/a_n \geq 1+\epsilon

for all

n

, must

\lim_n a_{n+1}/a_n=(1+\sqrt{5})/2

? Under the reading where the ratio limit is assumed to exist, a Lean-verified argument forces the limit to be the golden ratio; a separate construction disproves the literal statement where convergence is not assumed.

number theorycomplete sequencesN/A4 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:347

True ↔ ∃ a, Monotone a ∧ Filter.Tendsto (fun n => ↑(a (n + 1)) / ↑(a n)) Filter.atTop (nhds 2) ∧ ∀ (ι : ℕ → ℕ), (Set.range ι)ᶜ.Finite → (subsetSums (Set.range (a ∘ ι))).HasDensity 1

number theorycomplete sequencesN/A6 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:349

∀ (t α : ℝ), 0 < t → 2 < α → ¬Erdos349.IsGoodPair t α

number theorycomplete sequencesN/A3 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:350

∀ {M : Type u_1} [inst : AddCommMonoid M] [inst_1 : DecidableEq M] (A : Finset M), Erdos350.DistinctSubsetSums ↑A ↔ Erdos350.DecidableDistinctSubsetSums A

number theoryadditive combinatoricsN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:351

True ↔ ∀ (P : Polynomial ℚ), 0 < P.natDegree → 0 < P.leadingCoeff → Erdos351.HasCompleteImage P

number theorycomplete sequencesN/A6 sources

declared open · formalizederdos:352

True ↔ ∃ c > 0, ∀ (A : Set (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin 2))), MeasurableSet A → ↑(MeasureTheory.volume A) ≥ ↑c → ∃ t, (∀ (p : Fin 3), t.points p ∈ A) ∧ EuclideanGeometry.triangle_area (t.points 0) (t.points 1) (t.points 2) = 1

geometryN/A3 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:353

True ↔ ∀ (A : Set (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin 2))), MeasurableSet A → MeasureTheory.volume A = ⊤ → ∃ a ∈ A, ∃ b ∈ A, ∃ c ∈ A, ∃ d ∈ A, EuclideanGeometry.IsIsoscelesTrapezoid a b c d ∧ MeasureTheory.volume ((convexHull ℝ) {a, b, c, d}) = 1

geometryN/A4 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:355

True ↔ ∃ A, IsLacunary A ∧ ∃ u v, u < v ∧ ∀ (q : ℚ), ↑q ∈ Set.Ioo u v → q ∈ {x | ∃ A', ∃ (_ : ↑A' ⊆ Set.range A), ∑ a ∈ A', 1 / ↑a = x}

number theoryunit fractionsN/A5 sources

declared proved · formalizederdos:358

True ↔ ∃ A, StrictMono A ∧ Filter.Tendsto (Erdos358.f A) Filter.atTop Filter.atTop

number theoryadditive basisprimespossible3 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:363

False ↔ {S | Erdos363.IsValidCollection S}.Finite

number theoryN/A5 sources

declared verifiable · formalizederdos:366

True ↔ ∃ n > 0, Nat.Full 2 n ∧ Nat.Full 3 (n + 1)

number theoryA0603553 sources

declared openerdos:367

Erdős problem 367

number theoryA0575213 sources

declared openerdos:368

Erdős problem 368

number theoryA0743993 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:369

True ↔ ∀ (ε : ℝ), 0 < ε → ∀ (k : ℕ), 2 ≤ k → ∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in Filter.atTop, ∃ a, n / 2 ≤ a + 1 ∧ a + k ≤ n ∧ ∀ j < k, ∀ p ∈ (a + 1 + j).primeFactors, ↑p ≤ ↑n ^ ε

number theoryN/A7 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:370

True ↔ {n | ↑n.maxPrimeFac < √↑n ∧ ↑(n + 1).maxPrimeFac < √(↑n + 1)}.Infinite

number theoryN/A5 sources

declared openerdos:374

Erdős problem 374

number theoryA388851 · A387184 · A389117 · A3891482 sources

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