Vela Mathematics Program: problems

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206 problems · 3/5Number SourcesGraph view

declared solved (Lean) · formalizederdos:502

∀ (n : ℕ) (A : Set (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n))), A.Finite → {d | ∃ x ∈ A, ∃ y ∈ A, x ≠ y ∧ dist x y = d}.ncard = 2 → A.ncard ≤ (n + 2).choose 2

geometrydistancesA0276275 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:505

∃ n S, Bornology.IsBounded S ∧ 0 < Metric.diam S ∧ ∀ (F : Fin (n + 1) → Set (EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin n))), S ⊆ ⋃ i, F i → ∃ i, Metric.diam S ≤ Metric.diam (F i)

geometrypossible5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:512

True ↔ ∃ c > 0, ∀ (N : ℕ) (A : Finset ℤ), A.card = N → c * Real.log ↑N ≤ ∫ (θ : ℝ) in 0..1, ‖∑ n ∈ A, additiveChar (↑n * θ)‖

analysisN/A4 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:519

True ↔ ∃ c, 0 < c ∧ ∀ (n : ℕ) (hn : 0 < n) (z : Fin n → ℂ), z ⟨0, hn⟩ = 1 → ∃ k, c < ‖Erdos519.powerSum z (↑k + 1)‖

analysisN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:532

True ↔ ∀ (c : ℕ → Fin 2), ∃ A, A.Infinite ∧ ∃ color, ∀ (S : Finset ℕ), S.Nonempty → ↑S ⊆ A → c (∑ n ∈ S, n) = color

number theoryramsey theoryN/A4 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:537

False ↔ ∀ (ε : ℝ), 0 < ε → ∀ᶠ (N : ℕ) in Filter.atTop, ∀ A ⊆ Finset.Icc 1 N, ↑A.card ≥ ε * ↑N → ∃ a₁ ∈ A, ∃ a₂ ∈ A, ∃ a₃ ∈ A, ∃ p₁ p₂ p₃, Nat.Prime p₁ ∧ Nat.Prime p₂ ∧ Nat.Prime p₃ ∧ p₁ ≠ p₂ ∧ p₁ ≠ p₃ ∧ p₂ ≠ p₃ ∧ a₁ * p₁ = a₂ * p₂ ∧ a₂ * p₂ = a₃ * p₃

number theorypossible5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:540

True ↔ ∃ C, 0 < C ∧ ∀ (N : ℕ), 0 < N → ∀ (A : Finset (ZMod N)), C * √↑N ≤ ↑A.card → Erdos540.HasZeroSubsetSum A

number theoryA0344635 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:541

True ↔ ∀ (p : ℕ), Fact (Nat.Prime p) → ∀ (a : Fin p → ZMod p), (∃ r, ∀ (S : Finset (Fin p)), S ≠ ∅ → ∑ i ∈ S, a i = 0 → S.card = r) → (Set.range a).ncard ≤ 2

number theoryN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalized · $100erdos:582

True ↔ ∃ V x G, G.CliqueFree 4 ∧ Erdos582.EdgeRamseyTriangle G

graph theoryramsey theoryN/A5 sources

declared disproved (Lean)erdos:608

Erdős problem 608

graph theoryN/A2 sources

declared proved (Lean)erdos:610

Erdős problem 610

graph theorypossible4 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:613

False ↔ ∀ n ≥ 3, ∀ (V : Type u_1) [inst : Fintype V] (G : SimpleGraph V) [inst_1 : DecidableRel G.Adj], G.edgeFinset.card = (2 * n + 1).choose 2 - n.choose 2 - 1 → ∃ B D, ∀ [DecidableRel B.Adj] [inst_3 : DecidableRel D.Adj], G = B ⊔ D ∧ B.IsBipartite ∧ ∀ (v : V), D.degree v < n

graph theoryN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:618

True ↔ ∀ (G : (n : ℕ) → SimpleGraph (Fin n)), (∀ (n : ℕ), (G n).CliqueFree 3) → ((fun n => ↑(G n).maxDegree) =o[Filter.atTop] fun n => ↑n ^ (1 / 2)) → (fun n => ↑(Erdos618.h2 (G n))) =o[Filter.atTop] fun n => ↑n ^ 2

graph theoryN/A5 sources

declared solved (Lean) · formalizederdos:619

False ↔ ∃ c > 0, ∀ (V : Type) [inst : Fintype V] (G : SimpleGraph V), G.Connected → G.CliqueFree 3 → ↑(Erdos619.minNewEdges 4 G) < (1 - c) * ↑(Fintype.card V)

graph theoryN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:621

True ↔ ∀ (n : ℕ) (G : SimpleGraph (Fin n)) (a t : ℕ), IsGreatest {k | ∃ A ⊆ G.edgeFinset, A.card = k ∧ ∀ (x y z : Fin n), G.Adj x y → G.Adj y z → G.Adj x z → ({s(x, y), s(y, z), s(x, z)} ∩ A).card ≤ 1} a → IsLeast {k | ∃ T ⊆ G.edgeFinset, T.card = k ∧ ∀ (x y z : Fin n), G.Adj x y → G.Adj y z → G.Adj x z → (T ∩ {s(x, y), s(y, z), s(x, z)}).Nonempty} t → 4 * (a + t) ≤ n ^ 2

graph theoryN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:639

True ↔ ∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in Filter.atTop, ∀ (C : Sym2 (Fin n) → Fin 2), {e | ¬e.IsDiag ∧ ∀ (x y : Fin n), e = s(x, y) → ¬∃ z, z ≠ x ∧ z ≠ y ∧ C s(x, z) = C e ∧ C s(y, z) = C e}.ncard ≤ n ^ 2 / 4

graph theoryramsey theoryN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:645

∀ (c : ℕ → Bool), ∃ x d, 0 < x ∧ x < d ∧ ∃ C, c x = C ∧ c (x + d) = C ∧ c (x + 2 * d) = C

number theoryadditive combinatoricsramsey theoryN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:646

True ↔ ∀ (S : Finset ℕ), (∀ p ∈ S, Nat.Prime p) → {n | ∀ p ∈ S, Even (padicValNat p n.factorial)}.Infinite

number theoryfactorialsN/A5 sources

declared solved (Lean) · formalizederdos:648

(fun n => ↑(Erdos648.g n)) =Θ[Filter.atTop] fun n => √(↑n / Real.log ↑n)

number theoryA3917505 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:649

False ↔ ∀ (p q : ℕ), Nat.Prime p → Nat.Prime q → ∃ n, n.maxPrimeFac = p ∧ (n + 1).maxPrimeFac = q

number theorypossible5 sources

declared solved (Lean) · formalizederdos:650

∀ (m : ℕ), Erdos650.f m = min m ⌈2 * √↑m⌉₊

number theoryA0274346 sources

declared proved (Lean)erdos:658

Erdős problem 658

additive combinatoricspossible4 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:659

True ↔ ∃ A, (∀ (n : ℕ), (A n).card = n ∧ ∀ S ⊆ A n, S.card = 4 → 3 ≤ EuclideanGeometry.distinctDistances S) ∧ (fun n => ↑(EuclideanGeometry.distinctDistances (A n))) =O[Filter.atTop] fun n => ↑n / √(Real.log ↑n)

geometrydistancespossible6 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:666

False ↔ ∀ (ε : ℝ), 0 < ε → ∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in Filter.atTop, ∀ H ≤ SimpleGraph.hypercube n, ε * ↑n * 2 ^ (n - 1) ≤ ↑H.edgeSet.ncard → (SimpleGraph.cycleGraph 6).IsContained H

graph theorypossible5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:674

True ↔ Erdos674.solutionSet.Nonempty

number theoryN/A4 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:678

True ↔ ∀ᶠ (k : ℕ) in Filter.atTop, {(m, n) | n + k ≤ m ∧ Finset.lcmInterval m (k + 1) < Finset.lcmInterval n k}.Nonempty

number theorypossible5 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:692

False ↔ ∀ (δ : ℕ → ℕ → ℝ), (∀ (a b : ℕ), Erdos692.IsDelta₁ a b (δ a b)) → ∀ (n : ℕ), UnimodularOn (δ n) (n + 1)

number theorydivisorsN/A5 sources

declared solved (Lean) · formalizederdos:694

∀ (fmax fmin : ℕ → ℕ), (∀ (n : ℕ), IsGreatest (Nat.totient ⁻¹' {n}) (fmax n)) → (∀ (n : ℕ), IsLeast (Nat.totient ⁻¹' {n}) (fmin n)) → ∃ o, Filter.Tendsto o Filter.atTop (nhds 0) ∧ ∀ (x : ℕ), sSup {x_1 | ∃ n, ∃ (_ : n ≤ x) (_ : ∃ m, m.totient = n), ↑(fmax n) / ↑(fmin n) = x_1} = (Real.exp Real.eulerMascheroniConstant + o x) * Real.log (Real.log ↑x)

number theorypossible6 sources

declared solved (Lean)erdos:696

Erdős problem 696

number theorydivisorspossible4 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:698

True ↔ ∃ h, Filter.Tendsto h Filter.atTop Filter.atTop ∧ ∀ (n i j : ℕ), 2 ≤ i → i < j → j ≤ n / 2 → h n ≤ (n.choose i).gcd (n.choose j)

number theorybinomial coefficientspossible5 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalized · $1000erdos:707

Erdős conjectured, in over a dozen papers spanning 1976 to 1997 and with a 1000 dollars prize attached, that every finite Sidon set extends to a perfect difference set modulo

p^2+p+1

for some prime

p

. Alexeev and Mixon establish that

\{1,2,4,8\}

is a counterexample - and discovered along the way that Marshall Hall, Jr. had published a different counterexample three decades before Erdős first posed the problem, unnoticed by the community for half a century.

additive combinatoricssidon setsN/A6 sources

declared proved (Lean)erdos:716

Erdős problem 716

graph theoryhypergraphspossible3 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:728

Whether there are infinitely many integers

a, b, n

with

a, b \ge \varepsilon n

such that

a!\cdot b!

divides

n!\cdot(a+b-n)!

while

a+b

exceeds

n

by more than

C\cdot\log n

number theoryfactorialsN/A6 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:729

True ↔ ∀ C > 0, ∃ K ≥ 3, {(a, b, n) | a > 0 ∧ b > 0 ∧ n > 0 ∧ ↑a + ↑b > ↑n + C * Real.log ↑n ∧ ∀ (p : ℕ), Nat.Prime p → p > K → padicValNat p (↑n.factorial / (↑a.factorial * ↑b.factorial)).den = 0}.Infinite

number theoryfactorialsN/A6 sources

declared solved (Lean) · formalizederdos:741

True ↔ ∀ (A : Set ℕ), 0 < (A + A).upperDensity → ∃ A₁ A₂, A = A₁ ∪ A₂ ∧ Disjoint A₁ A₂ ∧ 0 < (A₁ + A₁).upperDensity ∧ 0 < (A₂ + A₂).upperDensity

additive combinatoricsN/A6 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:750

True ↔ ∀ (f : ℕ → NNReal), Filter.Tendsto f Filter.atTop Filter.atTop → ∃ V G, G.chromaticNumber = ⊤ ∧ ∀ (m : ℕ) (S : Set V), 0 < m → S.ncard = m → ∃ I ⊆ S, G.IsIndepSet I ∧ ↑m / 2 - f m ≤ ↑I.ncard

graph theorychromatic numberN/A5 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:751

False ↔ ∀ (k : ℕ), ∃ V G, G.chromaticNumber = 4 ∧ ∀ m ∈ G.cycleLengths, ∀ m' ∈ G.cycleLengths, m < m' → m + k ≤ m'

graph theorychromatic numberN/A5 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:753

False ↔ ∃ c, 0 < c ∧ ∀ (n : ℕ), 0 < n → ∀ (G : SimpleGraph (Fin n)), ↑n ^ (1 / 2 + c) < ↑(Erdos753.listChromaticNumber G) + ↑(Erdos753.listChromaticNumber Gᶜ)

graph theorychromatic numberN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:756

True ↔ (fun n => ↑n) =O[Filter.atTop] fun n => ↑(Erdos756.maxRichDistances n)

geometrydistancespossible5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:760

True ↔ ∃ c > 0, ∀ (V : Type u_1) [Finite V] (G : SimpleGraph V) (m : ℕ), G.chromaticNumber = ↑m → ∃ H k, ↑k ≤ H.coe.cochromaticNumber ∧ c * ↑m / Real.log ↑m ≤ ↑k

graph theorychromatic numberN/A5 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:762

False ↔ ∀ (V : Type u_1) [Fintype V] (G : SimpleGraph V), G.CliqueFree 5 → 4 ≤ G.cochromaticNumber → G.chromaticNumber ≤ G.cochromaticNumber + 2

graph theorychromatic numberN/A5 sources

declared solved (Lean)erdos:765

Erdős problem 765

graph theoryturan numberA0068553 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:775

False ↔ ∃ C, ∃ᶠ (n : ℕ) in Filter.atTop, ∃ H, n - C ≤ H.cliqueSizes.ncard

graph theoryhypergraphspossible5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:785

True ↔ ∀ (A B : Set ℕ), A.Infinite → B.Infinite → Erdos785.IsExactAdditiveComplement A B → Filter.Tendsto (fun x => ↑(Erdos785.counting A x) * ↑(Erdos785.counting B x) - ↑x) Filter.atTop Filter.atTop

additive combinatoricsN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean)erdos:793

Let

F(n)

be the largest

A\subseteq\{1,\dots,n\}

with

a\nmid bc

for distinct

a,b,c\in A

. Is

F(n)=\pi(n)+(C+o(1))\,n^{2/3}(\log n)^{-2}

for some constant

C

number theorypossible3 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:794

False ↔ ∀ (n : ℕ) (H : Finset (Finset (Fin (3 * n)))), H.IsThreeUniform → n ^ 3 + 1 ≤ H.card → H.ContainsSubgraph 4 3 ∨ H.ContainsSubgraph 5 7

graph theoryhypergraphsturan numberN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:798

True ↔ (fun n => ↑(Erdos798.t n)) =o[Filter.atTop] fun n => ↑n

geometryA1164465 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:818

True ↔ ∀ (K : ℝ), 0 < K → ∃ C, 0 < C ∧ ∃ c, 0 < c ∧ ∀ (A : Finset ℤ), 2 ≤ A.card → ↑(A + A).card ≤ K * ↑A.card → c * ↑A.card ^ 2 / Real.log ↑A.card ^ C ≤ ↑(A * A).card

additive combinatoricsN/A5 sources

declared proved (Lean) · formalizederdos:844

True ↔ ∀ (N : ℕ), IsGreatest {k | ∃ A ⊆ Finset.Icc 1 N, (∀ a ∈ A, ∀ b ∈ A, ¬Squarefree (a * b)) ∧ A.card = k} (Erdos844.evenOrOddNonSquarefree N).card

number theoryintersecting familyN/A5 sources

declared disproved (Lean) · formalizederdos:845

False ↔ ∀ (C : ℝ), 0 < C → have f := fun x => match x with | (k, l) => 2 ^ k * 3 ^ l; {x | ∃ B, ∃ (h : B.Nonempty) (_ : ↑(B.sup f) ≤ C * ↑(B.inf' h f)), ∑ x ∈ B, f x = x}.HasDensity 0

number theoryN/A5 sources

Problems · Vela Mathematics Program

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